Line Between Tough Love and Child Abuse Essay Example for Free

Line Between Tough Love and Child Abuse Essay Poets and authors have tried to define love for centuries, whereas scientists have only recently started. Many of us know intuitively that love is a major purpose for living; (Blueprint, 2013) that connection is inherent in all that we do, and without love, we cannot survive as a species. But what is love, and how do we know when were in it? First , lets start off with what love isnt. If someone asks you to do or say something that isnt in your nature, that isnt true love. Smith, 2002) Although love does involve compromises between partners, someone who is in love with you will never ask you to change who you are in order to be loved. True Love is caring. The ancient Greeks had many different names for different forms of love: passion, virtuous, affection for the family, desire, and general affection. But no matter how love is defined, they all hold a common trait: caring. (Blueprint, 2013) True Love is attractive. Attraction and chemistry form the bond that allows people to mate. Without this romantic desire for another individual, a relationship is nothing more than lust or infatuation. True Love is attached. Like the mother-child bond, attachment comes after the initial attraction. Attachment is the long term love that appears anywhere from one to three years into a romantic relationship (sometimes sooner and very rarely after), and youll know youve found it when you can honestly say, (Smith, 2002) Ive seen the worst and the best you have to offer, and I still love you, while your partner feels the same way. True Love is committed. When it comes to true love, commitment is more than just monogamy. It’s the knowledge that your partner cares for you and has your back, no matter what the circumstances. People who are strongly committed to one another will, when faced with seemingly negative information about their partner, see only the positive. For example, a friend comments that your partner doesnt say a lot. Ah yes, hes the strong, silent type, you reply. People with less commitment to their partner would instead say something like, Yeah, I can never have conversation with him. It’s annoying. True Love is Intimate. Intimacy is a crucial component of all relationships, regardless of their nature. In order to know another, you need to share parts of yourself. This self-revealing behavior, when reciprocated, (Teicher, 2000) forms an emotional bond. Over time this bond strengthens and even evolves, so that two people merge closer and closer together. Intimacy by itself if is a great friendship, but compiled with the other things in this list, it forms an equation for true love. Within the minimum standards set by CAPTA, each State is responsible for providing its own definitions of child abuse and neglect. Most States recognize four major types of maltreatment: physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Although any of the forms of child maltreatment may be found separately, (Blueprint, 2013) they often occur in combination. In many States, abandonment and parental substance abuse are also defined as forms of child abuse or neglect. The examples provided below are for general informational purposes only. Not all States definitions will include all of the examples listed below, and individual States definitions may cover additional situations not mentioned here. Physical abuse is no accidental physical injury (ranging from minor bruises to severe fractures or death) as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, shaking, throwing, stabbing, choking, hitting (with a hand, stick, strap, or other object), burning, or otherwise harming a child, that is inflicted by a parent, caregiver, or other person who has responsibility for the child. Perry, 2002) Such injury is considered abuse regardless of whether the caregiver intended to hurt the child. Physical discipline, such as spanking or paddling, is not considered abuse as long as it is reasonable and causes no bodily injury to the child. Neglect is the failure of a parent, guardian, or other caregiver to provide for a childs basic needs. (Perry, 2002) Neglect may be physical (failure to provide necessary food or shelter, or lack of appropriate supervision), medical (e. g. failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment), educational (e. g. , failure to educate a child or attend to special education needs), or emotional (e. g. , inattention to a childs emotional needs, failure to provide psychological care, or permitting the child to use alcohol or other drugs). These situations do not always mean a child is neglected. Sometimes cultural values, the standards of care in the community, and poverty may be contributing factors, indicating the family is in need of information or assistance. Teicher, 2000) When a family fails to use information and resources, and the childs health or safety is at risk, then child welfare intervention may be required. In addition, many States provide an exception to the defi nition of neglect for parents who choose not to seek medical care for their children due to religious beliefs that may prohibit medical intervention. Sexual abuse includes activities by a parent or caregiver such as fondling a childs genitals, penetration, incest, rape, sodomy, indecent exposure, and exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornographic materials. Sexual abuse is defined by CAPTA as the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, or assist any other person to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct or simulation of such conduct for the purpose of producing a visual depiction of such conduct; or the rape, and in cases of caretaker or inter-familial relationships, statutory rape, molestation, prostitution, or other form of sexual exploitation of children, or incest with children. Emotional abuse (or psychological abuse) is a pattern of behavior that impairs a childs emotional development or sense of self-worth. This may include constant criticism, threats, or rejection, as well as withholding love, support, or guidance. Emotional abuse is often difficult to prove and, therefore, (Teicher, 2000) child protective services may not be able to intervene without evidence of harm or mental injury to the child. Emotional abuse is almost always present when other forms are identified. Abandonment is now defined in many States as a form of neglect. (Perry, 2002) In general, a child is considered to be abandoned when the parents identity or whereabouts are unknown, the child has been left alone in circumstances where the child suffers serious harm, or the parent has failed to maintain contact with the child or provide reasonable support for a specified period of time. Tough love simply means that if your child decides to do anything that can harm him/her or others that you have to love your child enough to take a stand against that behavior. If this means that you have to report your child to the authorities, whether the law or teachers, then you need to do it. It also means that if you find that you need help with your child for whatever reason that you should ask for it. There is nothing shameful about having a child who is out of control. It happens to the best of parents. What would be shameful is not to do anything. The fastest and best way to implement tough love techniques with your child is to simply start making them fully responsible for their own actions. (Blueprint, 2013) Don’t pay or legal representation, don’t bail them out with teachers, and don’t interfere in the natural consequences that may happen. Sometimes, you may even need to go further in the case of a child putting others in danger via drinking or drugging and driving. Take the car, take the money, take the phone, remove all privileges, and if that doesn’t work, you may have to call the police on your child who is pract icing illegal behaviors. Don’t give multiple warnings and threats. (Teicher, 2000) Teenagers just stop believing you, if you don’t back up your words with actions. Giving natural consequences a push in the right direction can go far in helping your child, while you’re still there for emotional support as long as they’re doing the right thing, can help a child straighten their life out before they are on their own. Child abuse is more than bruises and broken bones. While physical abuse might be the most visible, other types of abuse, such as emotional abuse and neglect, also leave deep, lasting scars. The earlier abused children get help, the greater chance they have to heal and break the cycle—rather than perpetuate it. By learning about common signs of abuse and what you can do to intervene, you can make a huge difference in a child’s life. While physical abuse is shocking due to the scars it leaves, not all child abuse is as obvious. Ignoring children’s needs, putting them in unsupervised, dangerous situations, or making a child feel worthless or stupid are also child abuse. Regardless of the type of child abuse, the result is serious emotional harm. An estimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006 (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). While physical injuries may or may not be immediately visible, abuse and neglect can have consequences for children, families, and society that last lifetimes, if not generations. The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate them completely. Physical consequences, such as damage to a childs growing brain, can have psychological implications such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties. Psychological problems often manifest as high-risk behaviors. Depression and anxiety, for example, may make a person more likely to smoke, abuse alcohol or illicit drugs, or overeat. High-risk behaviors, in turn, can lead to long-term physical health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, and obesity. This factsheet provides an overview of some of the most common physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences of child abuse and neglect, while acknowledging that much crossover among categories exists. The immediate emotional effects of abuse and neglect—isolation, fear, and an inability to trust—can translate into lifelong consequences including low self-esteem, depression, and relationship difficulties. (Teicher, 2000) Researchers have identified links between child abuse and neglect and the following: In one long-term study, as many as 80 percent of young adults who had been abused met the diagnostic criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at age 21. These young adults exhibited many problems, including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and suicide attempts (Silverman, Reinherz, amp; Giaconia, 1996). Other psychological and emotional conditions associated with abuse and neglect include panic disorder, dissociative disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and reactive attachment disorder (Teicher, 2000). The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being recently found children placed in out-of-home care due to abuse or neglect tended to score lower than the general population on measures of cognitive capacity, language development, and academic achievement (2003). Children who are abused and neglected by caretakers often do not form secure attachments to them. These early attachment difficulties can lead to later difficulties in relationships with other adults as well as with peers (Morrison, Frank, Holland, amp; Kates, 1999). Not all victims of child abuse and neglect will experience behavioral consequences; however, child abuse and neglect appear to make the following more likely: Studies have found abused and neglected children to be at least 25 percent more likely to experience problems such as delinquency, teen pregnancy, low academic achievement, drug use, and mental health problems (Kelley et al. , 1997). A National Institute of Justice study indicated being abused or neglected as a child increased the likelihood of arrest as a juvenile by 59 percent. Abuse and neglect increased the likelihood of adult criminal behavior by 28 percent and violent crime by 30 percent (Widom amp; Maxfield, 2001). Research consistently reflects an increased likelihood that abused and neglected children will smoke cigarettes, abuse alcohol, or take illicit drugs. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, as many as two-thirds of people in drug treatment programs reported being abused as children (2000).

Evaluation of Indias Online Travel Industry

Evaluation of Indias Online Travel Industry MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS PROJECT: ONLINE TRAVEL INDUSTRY GROUP MEMBERS: Nikita Goenka (PGP30324) Padmaja Agnihotri (PGP30316) Sandeep Kumar (ABM11034) Ravali Malka (PGP30317) Vishwas Nandan (PGP 30353) Saurav Kumar (PGP30340) Rohan Kokane (PGP30336) BACKGROUND India is a country with vast demography and a wide spectrum of opportunities. Better job avenues have gifted the youth with greater discretionary power. Rising use of internet plastic money has made the field of e-commerce an exponentially growing field in recent times. Why E-Travel as a subject of research? E-travel in India has a lion’s share in the Indian E-commerce contributing to a whopping 82% to the entire market share in the year 2013 (Graph 1). Also, E-travel exhibited a marvelous annual growth of 53% in 2013 over 2012. This is further complemented by the fact that the Indian tourism industry is the 2nd fastest growing in the world. The present paper aims at unravelling various facets of this booming industry and studying its position in the private sector, especially e-commerce industry. Other merits: Online travel demands least capital infrastructure costs Quick delivery of services enhances consumer satisfaction EVOLUTION Based on the single idea of easing travelling in India, online travel services started around a decade ago. Booming of IT sector in India was one of the major factors stimulating online travel. Online travelling segment constitutes around 70% 80% ($25 billion) of all e-commerce activities and has been a major driver of the industry. Key schemes and policies implemented by e-commerce industry can be considered as major factor for success of the segment. Exhaustive assistance, user friendly websites, customer grievance redress are the major attractions prevailing in the segment. Makemytrip, Yatra.com, Redbus are some websites which have seen rocketed growth as presented in Graph 2 and Graph 3. PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND Price Elasticity is defined as percentage change in demand due to one percent change in price. Online travel industry faces more level of price sensitivity than traditional channels, majorly because of ease of access to- PRODUCT INFORMATION PRICE INFORMATION CHANNEL SELECTION FORWARD LINKAGES: Nowadays Travel industry is not restricted to its conventional travel business only. It has extended to forward linkages like bus tickets, travel insurance firm hotels. Share of each linkage has been presented in Graph 4 Regulations Introduced by the government and its impact: The regulatory norms laid down by the government of India are aimed at promoting growth of the market which have effect on the online travel industry. With the customers slowly moving from traditional ways of booking to online, these norms have greatly influenced the growth of online travel industry. A few regulatory norms laid are as follows: COST STRUCTURE: The cost structure of online travel can be analysed in two ways: Traditional costing analysis through study of the PL statement ABC (activity based costing ) by analyzing the cost driver for each specific segment The following sections explains both the above stated viewpoints: Traditional costing analysis: The income statements of various big players of the online travel industry are available for study. One such player is Makemytrip.com, a leading firm in online travel. Graph 5 summarizes the various expenses of Makemytrip for 4 consecutive years in descending order. Activities of online travel: The various activities of online travel have been are categorized as: Core Activities and Support Activities The activities are studied considering their respective drivers in terms of the resources allotted and other factors such as time and space devoted etc. PRODUCTION STRUCTURE Online travel industry offers services to its customers as a product. There are various types of services which online travel industry offers:- Core services Air, Rail and hotel advance bookings and ticketing Discount fares program Event management service Value added services Tracking of journey 24 hours emergency service Ticket approval using email system Insurance Graph 6: Traffic generated from mobile devices. Graph 7: Reach of travel portals (India and Global) Graph 8: Profit Margin by segments PRODUCTION FUNCTION A production function gives relationship between inputs (capital, labour and other factors) and outputs (goods and services). Online travel agency have high initial and fixed cost which it makes as less labour intensive sector. U= U (P, Y) Y= F (K, L) Where U = utility function of cost (P) and trips (Y) F = Production function of capital (K) (travel agencies) In short run, if labour is increased, the performance and maintenance of the online portal will be improvised. So this in-turn might increase number of trips for some time period then falls as online travel agency is more technology based and improving labour doesn’t increase much of output. In long run, an improvement in the state of technology shifts the production function up, leading to an increase in output per worker for a given level of capital per worker. The higher the technology, higher Y for a given K and L. An improvement in the state of technology shifts the production function up, leading to an increase in output per worker for a given level of capital per worker COST FUNCTION Cost function is effect of level of production on the cost which the firm is incurring. Since in online travel industry we don’t have any such physical product, we can relate the level of production with the sales generated by company. Cost analysis for Thomas Cook has been done in Table 1 and Graph 9. TABLE – 1: Thomas Cook- Average and Marginal cost of the service delivered Year Sales (INR in mn) Total Cost (INR in mn) AC MC 2010 3455 3086 0.8932 2011 4017 3094 0.7703 0.01 2012 4386 3300 0.7524 0.557 2013 13031 10269 0.7881 0.80 Source: www.securities.com/emis/ Industry- Online travel Graph 9: Cost analysis for Thomas Cook (All money figures are in INR million) Inferences: The data given in Table 1 shows the average and marginal cost of the service delivered. From graph 9 we can see that the average cost reaches a minimum value of 0.45 at a sales value of INR 8700mn approximately. As the scale of operations of Thomas Cook went up beyond this point the average cost also increased. Clearly it is evident that the company isn’t operating at its minimum cost point. Due to sudden increase in scale of operations, the company might not have optimized its value chain. REGRESSION ANALYSIS IRCTC E-ticket booking: IRCTC started its e-ticket booking facility from 2005 August. By that time there was already i-ticket booking in IRCTC where tickets will be delivered through courier to the house after booking through internet. Once IRCTC launched E-ticket booking, the sales through I-ticketing started declining and this new facility increasing sales of IRCTC. Number of people using internet in 2012 is 11.4% of total population as compared to 4.5% of total population in 2005. This rapid growth in internet users resulted in increment of number of tickets booked through IRCTC. Graph 10: Regression Analysis for IRCTC E-ticket booking Inferences: In 2005, internet Company Sify had announced its tie up with Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) to make online railway ticketing service available at over 3,400 iWay cybercafà ©s across 154 cities, on cash payments. In 2008, With 8 lacs tickets sold every day on its website, IRCTC had announced its expansion policy to give services and sell airline tickets. With overall increase in train travel quality and increase in train travelling, e-tickets are in demand. PROFIT OR LOSS ANALYSIS: MAKE MY TRIP www.moneycontrol.com Year Revenue Total Cost Profit 2011 $124,721.00 $119,891.00 $4,830.00 2012 $196,599.00 $189,951.00 $7,048.00 2013 $228,822.00 $256,411.00 ($27,589.00) 2014 $255,375.00 $276,281.00 ($20,906.00) Graph 11 Inferences: Based on the above analysis MakeMyTrip has achieved its break-even point somewhere in between 2012 and 2013. After that point it has been experiencing losses. PROFIT OR LOSS ANALYSIS THOMAS COOK www.moneycontrol.com Year Revenue(In Cr.) Total Cost(In Cr.) Profit(In Cr.) 2009 242.00 184.00 58.00 2010 282.00 193.00 89.00 2011 340.00 232.00 108.00 2012 386.00 270.00 116.00 2013 383.00 267.00 116.00 Graph 12 Inferences: From above graph, Thomas cook has passed its break-even point and has been experiencing profits for last 5 years. APPENDIX Graph 1: E commerce Market share Graph 2: Growth trend in the online travel market Graph 3: Percentage of online users Graph 4: E commerce market share (including the forward linkages) Graph 5: Summary of expenses of Makemytrip for 4 consecutive years in descending order: Source : http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/mmyt/financials?query=income-statement Graph 6: Traffic generated from mobile devices Graph 7: Reach of travel portals Segment % age Air Travel 7 Train Travel 5 Bus Travel 12 Car Rentals 15 Hotels tours and Packages 20 Graph 8: Profit Margin by segments 2013 Source: E Y

A View Of Adultery And Its Lasting Effects Philosophy Essay

A View Of Adultery And Its Lasting Effects Philosophy Essay This essay is about adultery and some of the things that happens to people who are the victims of it. By victims, I not only mean the spouse(s) who was being cheated on, but I am also referring to the children who are in the family unit as well. I am focusing on the fact that adultery is a selfish and very horrible act that can literally destroy a family. Along with the family being destroyed, the lives of each individual person involved are destroyed as well. The victims of adultery will face many challenges, emotionally and mentally, that could result in some very long term effects. My argument is that adultery does so much damage to a persons emotional and mental well being, that it should be treated as an abusive crime. Adultery Is Abuse Adultery, to some, may not be that big of a deal, especially if they are the ones committing it. But what happens when a spouse or a partners whole entire world falls down around them after they learn their partner has committed adultery? Adultery is a selfish and very cruel act that happens every day. It not only ruins marriages, but it can literally destroy the lives of everyone around the adulterer. Someone who is a victim of adultery can be presented to large amounts of downfalls in their life. Emotional and mental abuses are two of the major things they will go through. If the case is bad enough, and the person cant take mentally and emotionally dealing with what their spouse has done, adultery can even lead to death. Its mind boggling that such a selfish act can bring so much pain to so many lives, but it does to thousands of people every day. Even more disturbing, the adulterer is rarely punished or held accountable for all the pain their actions inflicted on so many other liv es. Adultery is nothing less than abuse, and should be treated as such in a court of law. Maybe you have seen it happen, or perhaps you have even been a victim of adultery. It is nothing no one person should take lightly. It creeps into the marriage and eats away at the very core of the once blessed union. It can effect even the strongest of couples and literally tear families apart at the seams. David M. Buss and Todd K. Shackelford (1997) showed that despite its destructive impact, infidelities are estimated conservatively to occur in about half of all marriages. (Buss D.M. Shackelford T.K.,1997 p.216). It can definitely be shocking and scary to hear that adultery can occur in almost half of all marriages. This can lead one to believe that marriages, as well as issues pertaining to adultery, are not being taken very seriously in America anymore. With this being said, its sad to see exactly how many peoples lives are ruined over the blatant lack of respect the general population has for marriages and staying true to their partner. Adultery in itself can affect every single person that is exposed to it or around it, especially the children. The effects of adultery can even ripple to the non-immediate family and friends. Out of everyone adultery effects, the spouse or spouses who are having adultery committed against them as well as the children who are involved with the families will sadly take the brunt of the pain adultery has to offer. Ruth K. Westheimer and Pierre A Lehu (2007) proclaimed adultery is probably the single-most cited grounds for divorce. (Westheimer, R.K. Lehu, P.A., 2007 p. 332s) Not only will the family have to deal with the tragic act of adultery once it is brought to the light, but they will also have to deal with the horrible divorce they may face if they choose to go through it. Divorce in itself, for whatever reason, can cause enormous amounts of negative impact on the whole entire family, including the children. Alison Clarke-Stewart and Cornelia Brentano (2006) suggested that compared with children in intact families, children from divorced families are more likely to have conduct problems and show signs of psychological maladjustment; they have lower academic achievement, more social difficulties, and poorer self-esteem.(Clarke-Stewart Brentano2006 p.107) This can also stay with the children far beyond the point of reaching adulthood. Clarke-Stewart Brentano (2006) pointed out: In one study of college students, researchers found that those who had experienced their parents divorce reported distressing feelings, beliefs, and experiences. These were resilient young people and the divorce had occurred years earlier, but still they harbored painful feelings. (p.108) If children live with one parent full time, they also have a chance of having less and less contact with the other parent as time goes by. This can also cause a great deal of strain on a child, as well as feelings of abandonment and possibly hate. As mentioned earlier, children will only have to deal with these issues if their parents decide to get a divorce after the adultery is found out. Unfortunately, the effects of divorce on children are only part of the problem when adultery is involved. Adultery can cause some very serious effects to children without divorce even being present. Children of all ages, even adult children, can be affected by adultery. Children, for the most part, look to their parents for guidance and as role models. Children also tend to put most of their trust into their parents, trust adultery can easily break. Watching their parents go through the strains of adultery will most likely affect them and cause enormous amounts of strain on their own life. They will be in the front row seat watching the tension, stress, arguments, grief, sadness, loss and despair. The parents could try and get the children to take sides, making them feel torn inside and also making their lives seem completely out of control. Some parents who commit adultery can even tell the secret of their actions to their children, making them promise not to tell the other spouse, causing the children to be filled with even more pain and despair as they dont know which direction to turn. The spouse isnt the only person to feel betrayed, as the children will feel it too once they find out about the adultery. Children who are a product of adultery will, without a doubt, be negatively affected as well. In the worst circumstances, pregnancy due to adultery can even result in neonaticide. Nicky A. Jackson (2007) describes neonaticide as the killing of a newborn within twenty-four hours of birth. (Jackson, N.A., 2007 p. 568) Jackson also states the most common reason for neonaticide among married women Is extramarital paternity. (Jackson, N.A., 2007 p. 568) If these children are carried to term, they still have a chance of being born surrounded by controversy. They may immediately be given up for adoption or have their mother deny them information about their real father. The worst of these scenarios is having another man raise them, only to find out years later the man they knew their whole life as their father was never their real father. This can lead to emotional problems for the child, depression, feeling of rejection and difficulty having healthy relationships in their life, among many other things. Emotional abuse is definitely presented to the family, whether intentionally or not, from adultery. Unfortunately, there are still many other things that adultery negatively impacts families with. Physical health is something else adultery affects. People who are in a marriage trust their spouse enough to have unprotected sex with them. The natural thought for married couples is the fact they dont have to worry about catching any kind of sexually transmitted diseases from them. Even if the adulterer is careful in using protection, it is still not 100% effective. Every day, an unsuspecting spouse takes a trip to the doctors office because they havent been feeling very well, or have a sudden rash appear on them. And every day, there is an unsuspecting spouse who receives the news that they have a disease. Some even get told that the disease they have is incurable. Jennifer S. Hirsch et al.(2009) even stated for most women in the world, their biggest risk of HIV infection comes from having sex with their husbands. (Hirsch, J.S. et al., 2009 p. vii) Married men, who are the victims of adultery, are no doubt unknowingly catching these diseases as well. To find out you have a disease that you caught from the only person you have had sexual contact with, and to realize they had to catch it from most likely having sexual contact with someone else can be described as nothing less than devastating. Fortunately, a lot of people dont find out about adultery from being diagnosed with a disease. Even with no disease present, the mental and emotional anguish people go through as a result of finding out their spouse has committed adultery is still the same. Someone finding out their spouse has been cheating on them will go through a plethora of negative emotions and feelings. Paul R Peluso (2007) says finding out that your spouse had an affair can be a devastating experience for the noninvolved partner. The revelation of an affair ushers in a host of emotions including rage, sorrow, shock, and shame. (Peulso, P.R.,2007 p.63) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is unfortunately something else the victim of a cheating spouse can go through. Mark A. Whisman and Tina P. Wagers(2005) found that major depressive episodes and post- traumatic stress disorder are the most common diagnoses found in noninvolved partners.(Whisman, M.A. Wagers, T.P.,2005 p.61) It is horrific to think that people are going through so much trauma because of adultery, that they are actually catching a horrible psychological illness in return. PTSDs symptoms include flashbacks, depression, anger, nightmares, and anxiety. This condition is strong enough to disrupt everyday life for someone, and can also last for years. The onset of PTSD can also cause people to turn to drugs and/or alcohol. Even if PTSD is not present, people who are the victims of adultery will most likely deal with severe emotional and psychological stress. Michael Clanchy and Chris Trotter (1999) stated: In many instances, betrayal through infidelity can be very close to what we term domestic violence. Unfaithful parties are often insensitive to the pain they inflict, as are perpetrators of physical and psychological violence. Often the faithful party is as vulnerable and dependent as the victim of repeated bashing. Furthermore, the [behavior] patterns of ongoing infidelity often parallel the well-documented stages in the cycle of domestic abuse. (Clanchy, M., Trotter, C., 1999 para. 4) Unfortunately, adultery can go even further than just the dilapidation of lives. The most horrid outcome from adultery is death. Adultery can, without a doubt, hurt people enough to take other peoples lives. There is not one life that should be taken or lost over adultery; sadly enough, innocent lives are lost due to adultery every day. Death can occur by suicide, murder, or even murder/suicide cases. There are even instances were murder will involve the children of the family as well. Two of the more disturbing instances that involve the children are spousal revenge filicide and paternal filicide. Spousal filicide, according to Jackson (2007) is parents who murder their offspring in a deliberate attempt to make their spouses suffer. Infidelity, either proved or suspected, is a common precipitant for spousal-revenge filicide. (Jackson, N.A., 2007 p569) The second is paternal filicide which Jackson (2007) explains as [husbands] killing the childs mother as well as the child, often followed by the [husbands] suicide. (Jackson, N.A., 2007 p569) It is clear that a heartbreaking act, such as adultery, will push people over the edge and do things they normally would never do. As a matter of fact, Richard Worth and John L. French (2008) claimed among the oldest motives for murder are passion and jealousy. (Worth, R French, J. L., 2008 p34) Even though a spouse may commit murder against their spouse, their spouses lover, or perhaps both, they still have a chance of only getting charged with voluntary manslaughter. This is by no means justifiable to take other peoples lives; however, it only goes to show exactly how much adultery can damage someones emotions, as well as their mental state. According to Jim Silver (2008) if a killing that would otherwise be murder is committed in response to sufficient provocation, it is voluntary manslaughter and is usually punished less severely than murder. (Silver,J., 2008 p30) Silver (2008) also adds: Over time, most jurisdictions developed rules about what is sufficiently provocative to cause a reasonable person to lose control of his passions. The standard ones included things like a serious physical attack or a husband finding his wife committing adultery.(Silver,J., 2008 p31) As you can see, adultery is as sufficiently provocative as a serious physical attack, thus allowing someone to act in such a way that they can take lives away from other people. Crimes of passion cases like these are heard in court every single day in the United States. One of the most popular cases like this is with Eric McLean from Tennessee. According to Yvette Martinez (2008), McLean shot and murdered his wifes boyfriend, but only received a conviction of reckless homicide, which is only punishable by up to 4 years in prison. McLean only served 47 days in prison and was allowed to serve the rest of his sentence on parole. (Martinez, Y., 2009) The victims in this case were both Mclean, who was having adultery committed against him as well as the boyfriend of the spouse who was shot at close range and murdered by McLean. The lives of both of these men, as well as the two children McLean and his wife shared and the family of the teenage boyfriend, were severely disrupted by McLeans wifes selfish choice of committing adultery. The young boyfriend did not have to lose his life nor did his family have to lose their son, while McLean should not have to live the rest of his life with a death of another person on his shoulders. Sadly enough, the one person who brought all of the pain and sorrow to both of these families (McLeans wife), did not get punished at all. In conclusion, given all the emotional and mental anguish as well as the severe disruption of lives adultery causes, it should be treated as nothing less than abuse. Laws pertaining to adultery do exist in some states, but are rarely enforced. You probably never even heard of anyone going to jail simply because they committed adultery, but you do hear people of going to jail over abuse. It is my argument, that people who make a conscience decision to step outside their marriage and commit this selfish act, should be punished. There are laws pertaining to the lover of the spouse committing adultery, specifically alienation of affection, that allows the victimized spouse to sue the lover; however, sometimes too much damage is done, and no amount of money can possibly fix it. Sadly enough, peoples lives can be lost over this situation. If bloodshed is cast, and people die over this type of situation, it should be the adulterer who is charged with the murderer(s) as well. The lives of people, especially family, should never be treated with such disrespect. Clanchy and Trotter (1999) claimed infidelity can be as devastating as a violent attack. (Clanchy, M., Trotter, C., 1999 para. 8) There is nothing truer than that statement. Adultery is a crime against people and their emotions as well as their mental well being, and should be treated as violence. It is time this crime is taken seriously; the people who commit it are thoroughly punished, and lives are no longer ripped to shreds by adultery.

Essay --

The tensions that would ultimately produce the 2013 shutdown began to take shape after Republicans, strengthened by the emergence of the Tea Party, won back a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives from the Democrats in 2010.[19][20][21][22] Even at that time, some conservative activists and Tea Party-affiliated politicians were already calling on congressional Republicans to be willing to shut down the government in order to force congressional Democrats and the President to agree to deep cuts in spending and to repeal the Affordable Care Act, which had been signed into law only a few months earlier. Former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, a Republican who had presided over Congress during the last government shutdowns 15 years earlier, said in April 2010 that if Republicans won back control of Congress in the 2010 election, they should remove any funding for the Affordable Care Act in any appropriations bills they passed. Gingrich said Republicans needed to "be re ady to stand on principle" and should refuse to fund the new healthcare law even if their refusal would result in a shutdown of the government.[23] As the November 2010 congressional elections drew near, Rep. Lynn Westmoreland, a Republican from Georgia, said that if the Republicans won a majority of seats in the House, they would pass appropriation bills that the President would veto, leading to a government shutdown. Westmoreland told supporters: "We have put Band-Aids on some things that need to be cleaned out. That is going to take some pain. There's going to have to be some pain for us to do some things that we've got to do to right the ship."[24][25] Sen. Mike Lee of Utah, then running for office as the Republican Party's nominee, said that altho... ... and to curtailing the Environmental Protection Agency's authority to enforce the Clean Air Act and carbon dioxide emissions.[29][31] House Republicans gave Speaker John Boehner an ovation when he informed them that he was advising the House Administration Committee to begin preparations for a possible shutdown.[32] A budget deal was agreed to less than two hours before a shutdown would have begun.[33] Several similar funding crises resulting from disagreements over budgetary policy ensued in the following three years, with shutdowns being narrowly averted by last-minute deals each time.[34][35][36][37][38] Congressional Republicans remained committed to eliminating or undermining the Affordable Care Act, taking more than 40 largely symbolic votes passing bills to repeal or defund the act which the Democratic-controlled Senate rejected or refused to consider.[39][40]

Essay --

WHAT IS CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR? Consumer behavior is the study or the art of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy. It refers to the actions and all the decision process of people who purchase goods and services for personal consumption. Consumption can be in any form and anywhere. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? Production Concept (consumers buy what is available than what they really want) Product Concept (consumers will buy a product of highest quality, best performance and most features) Selling Concept (consumers mostly buy the product when they are actively and aggressively persuaded) Marketing Concept (marketer must make what sells rather than sell what it makes) Circle of Consumption- VARIOUS OBSERVATIONS AT THE SHOPPING MALL- We in a group had seen a number of things at the Shopping Mall. There were many different types of customs and rituals also and different ways of how people act. On the observation day, there were many people in groups of three or more. Majority of the people walking in the mall are that of the youth and the children who just like to spend their time in any form of entertainment. People are unique in many ways such as different cultures, views, and perceptions. For people to adapt to a new culture, people must learn to understand signs, norms, and social control. These three factors are important and touch almost every aspect of social life and are used in every day to day life. A sign is â€Å"a symbol that stands for or conveys an ideaâ€Å". Signs could be price tag, a slow down sign etc. As signs convey information and are the most common and they make everyone’s life easier. Gesture is an example of signs and linked with body movements. The signs are present almost ever ywhere, it’... ...f use, possession, and maintenance. One caution about customer value: greater customer value does not necessarily equal greater customer satisfaction. Customer value is defined as the difference (or surplus) between benefits and costs; it is a level of return for customer costs. From a cognitive perspective, according to expectation theory, satisfaction is the result of a comparison between what actually occurs and what is expected. Hence the customers' buying satisfaction depends on both their perceived value of the purchase and their knowledge of what a fair level of buying value should be. In short, customers will feel satisfied to the extent that the perceived value of their buying exceeds the standard they hold. From this point of view, exceeding value is the key for customer satisfaction, not customer value per se (a surplus value).

Pizza delivery Essay

The foray of multinational fast food retailers into India has impacted the taste buds of Indian consumers significantly. Instant food is scoring over traditional food due to influence of Western countries, and rise in income & subsequent standard of living, convenience, etc. As a result, fast food menus are gaining wider acceptance from the Indian consumers. The Indian fast  Food Industry Dryer  has witnessed high growth strides in the past years, with increasing disposable income; exposure to a number of cuisines; and consumers’ willingness to experiment a mix of both Western and local menu. It has not only provided convenience to people who shuttle between home and work for a bigger part of the day but also eliminated the requirement of conventional cutlery. This industry at the moment thrives on international appeal endorsed by niche chains. The development of nutritious and healthier replacements for the traditional servings at fast food restaurants has transformed into mass promotion of portable foods. As per a new research report titled ‘Indian Fast Food Market Analysis’, currently the Indian fast food industry stands at a massive size of ` 47 billion, driven by a growing number of working professionals and increasing westernization. Apart from this, busy life schedule, standardized food, and less time-consuming processes are also fuelling the demand from domestic consumers in the industry. As demand for all types of fast food items are consistently on the rise, pizza, burger, and French fries have become the all time favorite among young Indians, more so with some of the well-known burger and pizza restaurants like McDonald’s, Domino’s, KFC, Pizza Hut, Nirula’s etc, operating in India. Consumers’ first choice As far as products are concerned, instant noodles and pasta are at a nascent stage but are fast evolving in the Indian fast food business. Demand for these food items are growing as consumers with hectic lifestyles do not want to spend much time in cooking. Besides, a variety of noodles and pasta is easily available in the international fast food makers’ menu at an attractive price range, pulling various consumers to add these delicious foods into their palates. The instant noodles and pasta segment has thus turned out to be a big hit among fast food lovers, resulting in the entry of many leading players into this segment. As per an ongoing study on the Indian  fast food  industry, there has been a major shift in food habits in the metropolitan cities encouraging the manufacturers to introduce innovative flavors in noodles and pastas to suit Indian consumers. Further, the enhancement of fried instant noodles’ condiment, good performance of non-fried noodles, and the subsequent release of coarse cereal noodles are some of the main trends currently prevailing in the Indian market. About 86 per cent of households prefer to consume instant food over traditional food due to steep rise in dual income level & standard of living, convenience and influence of Western countries. As a result, fast food menus comprising pizza, burger, sandwiches, etc are gaining wider acceptance from the Indian consumers. Competitors’ zone On the competitive front, the fast food market in India is poised for rapid expansion and higher efficiency with the entry of international giants. It has also been observed that with the increasing popularity of dining out in India, restaurant operators want to safeguard their share of improved consumer spending by offering all types of cuisines. This provides a significant opportunity to players in the food and beverage industry. Major players in this sector are creating a competitive environment for future growth. And in order to cater to this augmented customer base, Nirula’s is increasing its existence in metro cities along with the Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities through different formats. The new outlets in cities, such as Amritsar, Patna, Bhopal, Pune and Ludhiana would mainly be Family Style Restaurants (FSR), ice cream kiosks and parlors. Likewise, KFC has plans to increase its existence from 21 cities at present to around 75 cities through its objective to operate 500 restaurants in India by 2015. The company is eager to spread wings to new cities such as Hubli, Madurai, Salem and Mysore in the south, and in the north in Kanpur, Allahabad. Similarly, McDonald’s is targeting 1,000 restaurants by 2020. Hard castle Restaurants, which runs McDonald’s in the south and west, plans to open up to 70 stores next year. It will be the franchisee’s biggest expansion in the past 15 years. McDonald’s also plans to invest ` 10 billion to boost growth. Most of the food chains are busy in innovating and customizing their products. For instance, in order to boost revenue and offer different varieties to the tastes of various cross-sections of people, Domino’s Pizza is planning to customize its range of products. The company is taking initiatives to come up with a new assortment of diet pizzas for Indians, who are health-conscious and intends to introduce different specialties in pizza for people residing in different parts, like North and South India. Further, the acceptance of fast food has grown faster as several players have well-understood the basic requirements of Indian food and served more vegetarians & selected no vegetarian meal options (excludes pork and beef from their menu). Franchise outlets On the strategic front, it has been found that the franchising concept in India is continuously rising, with the increase in the number of international players opening more franchise outlets in India. The increasing revenue figures from franchise outlets encourage the players to opt for the concept. As a result, many international fast food giants are opening up their franchise outlets in India to grab the huge untapped potential in a fast emerging market. In a recent development, Nando, South Africa-based Afro-Portuguese, global restaurant chain is starting up around 35 outlets by 2013 in various parts of India through the franchise route. The company expects to expand enormously in the northern parts of India. Varying consumer behavior Talking about consumers, it has been a noticeable trend that food consumption pattern of urban Indian families has changed dramatically with times owing to the growing influence of Western culture. Indians have started dining out and moved on to accept different varieties of delicious food from the world. Further, studies indicate a radical change in the consumption patterns of Indian consumers, who have traditionally been known for their price sensitiveness. Middle-class families as well as the youth prefer to have a burger worth ` 25 rather than that worth ` 50-75. This reveals that despite looking for taste and brand, consumers in India are still inclined to low-price and health issues. As per a survey conducted in 2010, nearly 80 per cent of the fast food consumers expect the fast food owners to implement required measures for reducing the harmful impact of fast food. To tackle this issue, these owners have adopted innovative cooking styles, such as baking and grilling that retain the flavor of food and also require lesser quantity of oil. Besides, major retailers in this area are now providing all necessary information like ingredients, nutrition and fat contained on the product pack. These measures have helped Indian fast food consumers select healthy and nutritious meal as well as protect them from the dangerous effect of unhealthy fast food. Government inventiveness As far as the role of government is concerned, various initiatives in the recent past have resulted in the entry of many international  Fast Food Retailer  in the country. With the economic liberalization in 1991, nearly all tariff and non-tariff barriers have been removed or minimized from the Indian boundary that has helped many retailers to enter the growing Indian fast food industry. As per the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, the new rules and standards will make it mandatory for street food vendors to register with state health departments that are into policing hygiene. It requires the food authority to issue licenses to food vendors only after ensuring that their products are safe and hygienic. Vendors with products that are found unhygienic or unsafe will face monetary penalties. Moreover, user friendly and IT-enabled licensing system will be created to improve governance and compliance. To try to ensure that India has the capacity to implement the new law, the government has increased the number of state laboratories for testing eatables and appointed more food safety officers to check food quality & hygiene instead of merely monitoring adulteration. Besides, the Indian government has also directed state governments to prohibit sales of fast food and carbonated drinks on school premises & check out all such items that lead to unhealthy eating from cafeteria within a 1,500 feet radius of schools. In addition, the country’s regulators have ordered food chains to provide product nutritional labeling at the time of sale, so that customers can know about what they are eating and what effect it can have on their health. This step is a result of various studies that have shown that a typical fast food has very high density that causes people to eat more than they usually require, causing people to fall ill with many health-related problems like obesity, diabetes and heart diseases. Shortfalls and remedies India has witnessed a massive increase in the consumption of fast food over the past few years. Indeed, the country has come out as one of the rapidly growing fast food markets in the world. Although the country offers lucrative opportunities to new entrants due to rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles, there still exist some roadblocks, which may hinder the exponential growth route of this industry in future. Competition from local street vendors remains the biggest threat to the growth of the fast food industry in the country. There is an increase in raw materials cost and fuel charges, which is causing a lot of strain to the players in this segment. Lack of proper infrastructural facilities, with respect to roads and electricity, has also hampered the development of fast food market in India. Besides, the industry will have to tackle a number of roadblocks including the rising consumer concerns regarding obesity and health-consciousness to maintain the ongoing trend. On a fast track If the challenges are met with serious considerations, the Indian fast food industry is anticipated to achieve glorious milestones in the coming years. Increasing inclination of people to eat outside (restaurants) will be the major driving force behind the projected growth. Besides, healthy food options and low-price menu will also contribute to its growth, to attain a CAGR of around 33 per cent during 2010-2014. THE START OF FAST FOOD CULTURE The concept of fast food pops up  during 1920s. The 1950s first witnessed their rapid proliferation. Several factors that contributed to  this explosive growth in50’s were:(1) America’s love affair with  the automobiles. (2) The construction of a  major new highway system. (3) The development of  sub-urban communities. (4) The baby boom subsequent to world war  second. â€Å"Fast-food chains initially  catered to automobile  owners in  suburbia. On the go Fast food outlets are take-away   or take-out   providers, often with a â€Å"drive-through† service which allows customers to order and pick up food from their cars; but most also have a seating area in which customers can eatthe food on the premises. People eat there more than five times a week and often, one or more of those five times is at a fast  food restaurant. Nearly from its inception, fast food has been designed to be eaten â€Å"on the go†, often does not require traditional cutlery, and is eaten as a finger  food. Common menu items at fast food outlets include fish and chips, sandwiches, pitas,  hamburgers, fried  chicken,  French  fries, chicken  nuggets, tacos, pizza, hot dogs, and ice cream, although many fast food restaurants offer â€Å"slower† foods like chili, mashed potatoes, and salads. Variants Although fast food often brings to mind traditional American fast food such as hamburgers and fries, there are many other forms of fast food that enjoy widespread popularity in the West. Chinese  takeaways/takeout  restaurants  are  particularly  popular. They normally offer a  wide variety of  Asian food which has normally been fried. Most options are some form of noodles, rice, or meat. Sushi has seen rapidly rising popularity in recent times. A form of fast food created  in  Japan. sushi  is  normally  cold  sticky  rice  served  with  raw fish. Pizza is a common fast food category in  the United States, with chains such as Domino’s Pizza, Sbarro and Pizza Hut. Menus are more limited and standardized than in traditional pizzerias, and pizza delivery, often with a time commitment, is offered. Fish and chip  shops are a form of fast  food popular in the United  Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. Fish is battered and then deep fried. The Dutch  have their own types of fast food. A Dutch fast food meal often consists of  a portion of French fries. Facts and figures Fast food is one of the world’s largest growing food type. India’s fast food industry is growing by 40% a year and is expected to generate a billion dollars  in  sales  by  2005. The  multinational  segment  of  Indian  fast  foodindustry is up to Rs. 6 billion, a figure expected to zoom to Rs. 70 billion by2005. By 2005, the value of Indian dairy products is expected to be Rs. 1,00,000 million. In last 6 years, foreign investment in this sector stood at Rs. 3600  million  which  is  about  one fourth  of  total  investment  made  in  this sector. Because of the availability of raw material for fast food, Global chains are flooding into the country. MARKET SIZE & MAJOR PLAYERS a)Dominated by McDonalds having as many as 75 outlets. b)Domino’s pizza is present in around 100 locations. c)Pizza  hut  is also catching  up and it  has  planned  to establish  125outlets at the end of 2005. d) Subways have established around 40 outlets. e) Nirulas is established at Delhi and Noida only. However, it claims tocater 50,000 guests every day. Major players in fast food are: †¢ MCDONALDS. †¢ KFC †¢ PIZZA HUT †¢ DOMINOS PIZZA. †¢ COFFEE DAY †¢BARISTA. The  main  reason  behind  the  success  of  the multinational  chains  is  their expertise  in  product  development,  sourcing  practices,  quality  standards, service levels and standardized operating procedures in their restaurants, astrength  that  they  have  developed  over  years  of  experience  around  the world. The home grown chains have in the past few years of competition with the MNCs, learnt a few things but  there is still a  lot of scope for  improvement. REASON FOR EMERGENCE Gender  Roles :  gender  roles  are  now  changing. Females  have  startedworking outside. So, they have no time for their home and cooking food. Fastfood is an easy way out because these can be prepared easily. Customer  Sophistication  and  Confidence: consumers  are  becoming more sophisticated now. They do not want to prepare food and spend their time and energy in house hold works. They are building their confidence more on ‘ready to eat and easy to  serve’ kind of foods Paucity of Time: people have no time for  cooking. Because of emergence of  working women and also number of other entertainment items. Most of thetime either people work or want to enjoy with their family. Double  Income  Group: emergence  of  double  income  group  leads  to increase in disposable income. Now people have more disposable income so they can spend easily in  fast food and other activities. Working Women: working women have no time for cooking, and if they have then also they don’t want to cook. Because they want to come out of  the  traditionally  defined  gender  roles. They  do  not  want  to  confinethemselves to household work and  upbringing of children’s. Large  population: India  being  a  second  largest  country  in  terms  of  population possesses large potential market for  all the  products/services. Thisresults into entry of large number of fast food players in the country. Relaxation in rules and regulations: with the economic liberalization of  1991, most of the tariff and non tariff barriers from the Indian boundaries are either removed or minimized. This helped significantly the MNC’s to enter in the country. CHALLENGES FOR THE INDUSTRY Social  and  cultural  implications  of  Indians  switching  to  western breakfast food: Generally, Hindus avoid all foods that are believed to inhibit physical and spiritual development. Eating meat is not explicitly prohibited, but  many  Hindus  are  vegetarian  because  they  adhere  to  the  concept  of  ahimsa. Those  seeking  spiritual  unity  may  avoid  garlic  and  onions. The concept of purity influences Hindu food practices. Products from cows (e. g. ,milk,  yogurt,  ghee-clarified  butter)  are  considered  pure. Pure  foods  can improve the purity of impure foods when they are prepared together. Some foods, such as beef or alcohol, are innately polluted and can never be made pure. But now, Indians are switching to fast food that contain all those things that are considered impure or against there beliefs. Some traditional and fundamentalist are against this transformation of food habit and number of  times they provoke their counterparts to revolt against such foods. And that is what happened when McDonald’s decided to enter the  complexity of Indian business landscape, counting only on its â€Å"fast food global formula†, without any apparent previous cultural training. Emphasis  on  the  usage  of  bio-degradable  products: Glasses, silverware,  plates  and  cloth  napkins  are  never  provided  with  fast  food. Instead, paper plates and napkins, polyurethane containers, plastic cups and tableware, drinking cartons or PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles are used, and these are all disposable. Many of these items are tossed in the garbage instead of being recycled, or even worse, merely thrown on the ground. This burdens nature unnecessarily and squanders raw materials. In order to reduce soil and water pollution, government now emphasis more on the usage of  bio-degradable products. Retrenchment  of  employees: Most  of  new  industries  will  be  capital intensive and may drive local competitors, which have more workers, out of  business. Profit repatriation: Repatriation of profits is another area of concern forIndian economy. As when multinational enters the any countries, people and government  hope  that  it  will  increase  the  employment  rate  and result  in economic growth. However, with the multinational operation, host country experiences  these  benefits  for  a  short  time  period. In  long  run  neither employment increases (because of capital intensive nature of MNC’s) nor it increases the GDP or GNP because whatever MNC’s earn they repatriate that profit back to their home country. PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRY Environmental  friendly  products  cost  high:government  is  legislating laws in order to keep check on the fast food industry and it is emphasizing more on the usage of bio-degradable and environment friendly products. But associated with this issue is the  problem that fast food player faces – the  cost associated with the environment friendly product. They cost much higher than the normal products that companies uses for packaging or wrapping their products. Balance  between  societal  expectation  and  companies  economic objectives:   To balance a society’s expectation regarding environment with the economic burden of protecting the environment. Thus, one can see that one  side  pushes  for  higher  standards  and  other  side  tries  to  beat  the standard back, thereby making it a arm wrestling and mind boggling exercise. Health related issues: obesity: I. Studies have shown that a typical fast food has very high density and food with high density causes people to eat more then they usually need. II. Low calories food: Emphasis is now more on low calorie food. In this line  McDonald  has  a  plan  to  introduce  all  white  meat  chickenMcnuugget with less fat and fewer calories. TRENDS IN INDIAN MARKET Marketing to children’s: Fast food outlets in India target children’s as their major customers. They introduce varieties of things that will attract the  children’s  attention  and  by  targeting children’s  they  automatically target their parents because Children’s are always accompanied by their parents. Low level customer commitment: Because of the large number of food retail outlets and also because of the  tendency of customer to switch from one product to other, this industry faces low  level customer commitment. INTRODUCTION OF DOMINOES Domino’s Pizza India Ltd. was incorporated in March 1995 as the master  franchisee for India and Nepal, of Domino’s Pizza International Inc. , of  USA. Moreover, the company holds the master franchisee rights for Sri Lanka and Bangladesh through its wholly owned subsidiary. Mr. Shyam S. Bhatia and Mr. Hari S. Bhartia of the Jubilant Organosys Group were the  promoters of the company. Since inception, Domino’s Pizza India Ltd. has proceeded to become one of  the largest and fastest growing international food chains in South Asia. Thefirst Domino’s Pizza store in India opened in January 1996, at New Delhi. Today, Domino’s Pizza India has grown into a countrywide network around220 outlets in 42 cities and is  the leader in the fast food delivery segment. Ever  since  it  was  established,  Domino’s  Pizza  India  has  maintained  its  position  of  market  leadership  with  its  constant  product  innovation  and maintenance  of  stringent  service  standards. More  importantly,  it  has established a reputation for being a home delivery specialist capable of  delivering its pizzas within 30 minutes to its community of loyal customers from its entire chain of stores around the country. Customers can order their  Ã‚  pizzas by calling a single  countrywide Happiness Hotline – 1800-111-123. Infact, Domino’s was the first one to start this  facility for its customers. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of our  customers by delivering delicious pizzas to their doorstep in 30 minutes or  less, and all its strategies are aimed at fulfilling this commitment towards its large and ever-growing customer base. Domino’s constantly strives to develop products that suit the tastes of its customers, thereby bringing out the Wow effect(the feel good factor). Domino’s believes strongly in the strategy of ‘Think local and  act  regional’. Thus,  time  and  again  Domino’s  has  been innovating toppings suitable to the taste buds  of the local populace and these have been very well accepted by the  Indian market. DOMINOES VISION AND OBJECTIVES Domino’s vision is â€Å" Exceptional people on a mission, to be  the  best  pizza  delivery  company  in  the  world! †. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of our customers by delivering delicious pizzas to  their  doorstep  in  30  minutes  or  less,  and  all  our strategies work for fulfilling this commitment towards our large and ever-growing customer base. Domino’s constantly strives to develop the product that suits the taste of its customers to bring out the ‘WOW’ effect   (i. e. the feel good factor). Domino’s believes in the strategy of â€Å"Think local and act regional† that is blended with a playful image personified by our â€Å"Hungry Kya? â€Å"positioning. Thus,  time  and  again  Domino’s  has  been innovating  toppings,  suitable  to  the  taste buds  of  the locals and these have been very well accepted by the Indian market, are doing extensively well in the market. We are constantly in the process of innovating further; we introduce new topping every 3 –4 months Domino’s  understands  customers  demand  and  is constantly   developing   local  flavors   understanding  the local  sentiments. Also,  the  ingredients,   sauces  etc. are made keeping in mind the taste buds of Indian consumers while retaining the international flavor. Domino’s  constantly  strive  to  make  the  company  an integral  part   of  the  lives  of  the  target  audiences   by getting involved with the clientele at the emotional level and  building  long-term  relationship  with  them. Thus, Domino’s  concentrate  more  on  carrying  out  below-the-line activities in the area it serves. Domino’s believe in bringing fun and excitement into the lives  of  our  clientele. We  take  our  delivery  proposition very seriously and our entire corporate ethic is based on it. Domino’s  is  the  recognized  world  leader  in  Pizza delivery. But it isn’t just about delivering; it’s also about giving back to the community. Domino’s believes that an essential  component  of  corporate  responsibility  is  to provide support to charitable organizations that benefit the  communities  where  its  employees  and  customers work  and  live. Domino’s  worldwide   is   known  for  its commitment toward social causes and believes in adding fun  to  the  lives  of  our  customers  and  communities  it serves. In India, Domino’s has been associated with the NGO’s devoted  to  the  cause  of  underprivileged  Children’s. Domino’s conducts Store Educational Tour (SET) for the under privileged children time-to-time. Recently this was done  in  the  one  of  the  Domino’s  outlet  in  Delhi  and Mumbai with the  underprivileged children from CRY (Child Relief  and  You)  where  Domino’s  took  the  pledge  to provide part-time employment to the eligible wards from CRY who are above 18 years, reiterating its commitment towards social causes. Also, fifty- percent of that day’s first 20 deliveries of the store were given to CRY toward the cause of the underprivileged children. The children had a gala time while they learned to make and bake pizzas  at  the  store  and  finally  tasted  the  sumptuous offerings  made  by  them  during  the  Store  Educational  Tour. Domino’s Pizza India also boasts about its commitment to serve its customers on time by implementing the â€Å"30 MINUTES  OR  FREE† service  commitment , they  have been able to achieve this as a result of continuous efforts and dedication of the entire team in improving operating efficiencies . Domino’s   Pizza  India  has  been  consistently   rated amongst  the   top  2  pizza  chains  worldwide  in  the Domino’s family by Domino’s International, in terms of  quality of operations. Our pizza delivery times have also been  judged  as  the  best  delivery  times  in  the  world across all Domino’s. Communication objectives Category Need Domino’s master franchise model Industry analysts believed that Domino’s master franchise model was one of the reasons for  its success in international markets even in light of the global economic slowdown in 2008. How domino’s international bucked the trend The strong performance of Domino’s international master franchises in the midst of the global economic  slowdown  was  a  widely debated  topic  among  analysts. While  some  analysts believed that the recession had helped the growth of these chains due to the ‘trading down factor’ of people preferring to eat at home rather than dine out at expensive restaurants, others believed it was a combination of aggressive marketing and the franchise model that had helped the company buck the trend. Dominoes Brand Awareness Promotional and advertisement campaigns The pizza delivery business had  traditionally been promotion driven. Coupons and  discounts were offered by all pizza delivery chains to woo customers. Since its inception, Domino’s had been known for its unique promotions that included fast delivery and innovations to cater  to a varied palette. The ’30 minutes’ promise In the year 1973, Domino’s began a guarantee scheme that its pizzas would be delivered in 30minutes or less of ordering failing which the customer would receive the pizza free. Brand Attitude Use of technology Online sales accounted for over 70 percent of its total sales in 2008. Dominos planned to further exploit the increasing potential of the online medium as one of the promotional and distributional channels in the downturn. Brand Purchase Intention. What makes domino’s pizza better than its competitors? †¢ Varity of Pizza’s †¢ Services offered †¢ Quality of pizza’s †¢ Location of the Outlet †¢ Waiting time in the outlet †¢ Door step services †¢ Lower price Communication Mix Communication is very important, particularly when it is two-way. Domino’s value customer  feedback and is most responsive to customer preferences. Fast food ought to be a fun experience and this is not possible unless the provider and the consumer are in synch. They are in the  service business, and their product is positioned as a  convenience food delivered to the customer hot and fresh in 30 minutes guaranteed. Every company must follow the eight major marketing communication modes. For Domino’s direct selling and interactive selling is not needed though they are involved in internet and cable TV promotions. Domino’s always search for ways to gain efficiency by replacing one communication with others. The sustainability among communication tools explains why marketing function need to be coordinated. Advertising The Domino’s Pizza franchise has earned the reputation of being one of the fast growing food chains in South Asia. Domino’s is committed to bringing fun and excitement to the lives of its customers by delivering delicious pizzas to their doorstep in 30 minutes or less. The fast food franchise is all set to  make the complete use of  its potential market in India, where eating out is a means of entertainment. Its advertisements are image of its core competencies. The Domino’s  Pizza India  franchise  keeps implementing varied  promotional  strategies. Domino’s initially restricted their ad  strategy to banners, hoardings and specific promotions. In August2000, Domino’s launched the ‘Hungry Kya? (Are  You Hungry? ) sequence of  advertisements on television. While highlighting its home delivery facility in advertisements, the pizza franchise always adds an element of humour in it. That is exactly why actor Arshad Warsi was made the brand ambassador of  the Domino’s Pizza India franchise. Paresh Rawal, another humorist of Hindi cinema, was also featured in Domino’s ads. A significant strategic change is that, while the unique selling proposition of Domino’s is home delivery in all markets, they have been creating dine-in spaces at all their restaurants here in India. Domino’s Pizza’s tagline ‘khushiyon ki home delivery’   which cuts through the advertising  clutter  still  remains  intact. But  in  tier-2  and  tier-3  cities,  as  people  like  to experience eating out close to 75% of their restaurants now have dine-in facilities. This is different from their global strategy where their  key focus has  been  on home delivery. Also,  they  are in  the  trial stage  of  orders by internet in India after its success in U. S. Another feature they introduced is a customer can top the Pizza he wants. Domino’s went a step ahead by differentiating regions and applyingthe taste-factor accordingly. Domino’s also made ordering simpler through a single toll-free number throughout the country. Dominos has been following the principle of   ‘Think Local, Act Regional’  . Events/ Experiences They are sponsoring some college fest, cultural program and promotional events through out the country for promotion. Public Relation Domino’s Pizza India undertakes local store marketing initiatives. These include specialdiscounts  to  loyal  customers  and  parade  like  activities  such  as  Motorbike  formations, distributing special offer  coupons and phone  calls to  frequent customers. Domino’s has been innovating toppings suitable to the taste  buds of the  local populace and the Indian market has very well accepted these. Domino’s Pizza India Ltd, which runs fast food chain Domino’s Pizza in the country, has changed its corporate name to Jubilant Food Works Ltd. The change of name came into effect from September 24 2009. â€Å"The decision to change the name  has been taken to  align ourselves with the branding of the Jubilant  Bhartia  Group,  promoted  by  Shyam  S  Bhartia  and  Hari  S  Bhartia,†Ã‚  Jubilant Food Works Chief Executive Officer Ajay Kaul said. Jubilant Bhartia Group holds the master  franchisee rights for the Domino’s Pizza brand and operations for the whole of India, Nepal,Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. However, the company will continue to use the brand name of  Ã¢â‚¬ËœDomino’s Pizza’ for marketing and other related purposes. Personal Selling Domino’s continuously strives to make the company an  integral part of the  lives of the target audiences by getting involved with the clientele at the emotional level and building long term relationships with them. Thus, domino’s concentrates more on carrying out below the line activities in the areas it serves.

Poverty in the Philippines Essay

Divorce in the Philippines is planning to take over Filipino values and culture. It’s all over the news, the Philippine Congress is now pushing forward the Divorce Bill right after they have put forward the Reproductive Health Bill. This is exactly what I have been worrying about. Just a couple of weeks ago, when I attended our Baptist Convention Meeting here in the Visayas, this issue was brought up. And just as what I have stated, â€Å"RH Bill can also lead to the Divorce Bill† because they have the same proponents. I know lots of Evangelical Christians are pro-RH Bill. But what they don’t know is that the proponents of RH Bill are also the proponents of Divorce Bill. And now that they almost got what they want, they are now preparing for another wave of controversial bill which will open a highway for immorality and degradation of Philippine culture and religious standards and beliefs. Here is a list of the known supporters of RH Bill and Divorce. It is not what God wants. Since I started Biblical studies nothing in the Bible that will tell you that God favored and felt better for divorce. It was only allowed due to the hardheadedness of men. God did not made man and woman to be united and then separated if they got into some problems. If you fear the Lord and his commands, there is no way that you will agree on divorce. This is not what God wants. As simple as it is. Even if some pastor and theologians quantify it as a â€Å"necessary amputation† as far as I remember what my American Theology professor said, I would say that divorce is divorce, and God hates it. It was only men who wants it, not God. It is not the answer to the growing violence against women and children. Most divorce advocates gives emphasis on the growing children and women abuse. But I really do not see it as a solution for these problems. In fact it extends to the growing problem of immorality and sexually related diseases and problems such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually related diseases. And I believe that you will agree with me that these problems are a threat to women, children and even family. But why? Simply because people were given the so-called choice and chance to change while the fact is, it is where the so-called â€Å"rights† is abused. It is where many people make use of the right and abuse it for their own self-centered selfish quest for happiness and will only bring them to the same situation again and again and again. That’s why you will see people divorced not just once, nor twice, but multiple times. It gives a wider path to domestic problems. As I mentioned earlier this right has proven to be easily abused. And we are not actually giving people a solution to their problems, but a chance to repeat the same mistakes. Divorce is like a medicine†¦ but an unrecommended one. For example, there is a an abusive husband who have been divorced by his wife. This husband will then just look for another woman to abuse. While the woman if she’s the one having some problems, she will just look for another guy and if things will not get well, all she has to do is to apply again for divorce. Ridiculous isn’t it? It is just a picture. It gives a wider path for immorality and marital infidelity. Immorality. I guess this is not so much â€Å"in† nowadays. It’s something that most people don’t want to talk about except those that are of the religious sectors and religious people. I hate to say this but the Philippines have a steep moral degradation and that is why most of these divorce proponents put forward for various problems. Did we not learn from the US? Did the stats of violence against women and children dropped by the use of divorce law? We talk much about the positive things that we can get from the divorce law, while the negative effects far out weighs the positive. Here’s the summary of the advantages of divorce: